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Tipping the balance of copyright law

November 28th, 2006

Guardian columnist Victor Keegan recently joined a growing chorus of forward-thinking people in calling for lawmakers to roll-back or at least counter-balance the ever-tightening regime of copyright law. Keegan laments the efforts of entrenched Hollywood interests to further extend the lifespan of copyright protection and calls for lawmakers to tip the balance of copyright law in favour of users and amateur creators.

Here’s an excerpt from what Keegan had to say in the Guardian:

We are now living in a digital age of instant and cheap availability, meshing and remixing and of mass creativity, with increasing numbers of creators prepared to give their services free (as in much of the open source movement). We need fresh regulations for a new age before we cave into the demands of the producers as they try to get draconian rules put in place before the shutters come down on the old world. . .

The creative economy is vitally important, but the way to nurture it is to follow the winds of the information revolution and not the desire of existing corporations to preserve a business model that has been turned upside down by the revolution taking place in virtually every creative industry.

Keegan’s right — we need a level playing field on which new forms of co-creation and innovation can flourish. If Hollywood titans succeed in locking up their vast archives of media content for a further twenty years it would certainly be a setback for open content initiatives, but it will most certainly not be a death knell. The regulatory measures deployed by incumbents amount to temporary stopgaps, not sources of enduring competitive advantage. In any case, a more balanced approached to the way we recognize, encourage, and reward knowledge production will be driven by viable new business models that can fuel value creation in intellectual property intensive industries, not by changes in the law.

The law is a blunt instrument and, when it comes to the regulatory arena, concentrated corporate interests usually win out over the diffuse interests of users. Incumbent companies already use existing patent and copyright protections as a shield against innovation and change in their markets. And, for as long as new business models remain illusive, media behemoths will exploit the heavy hand of regulation to enforce consumer behaviours that are in fact contrary to consumer interests.

That doesn’t mean that we shouldn’t lobby for user-friendly copyright policies, but we shouldn’t rely on changes in the law to bring about a more decentralized, user-centric media environment either. The most effective antidote to the media industry’s political maneuvering is to demonstrate that the explosion of amateur creativity on the Web can be a source of immense social, cultural, and economic value. If media companies wish to participate in this value creation they will need to quickly come to terms with the fact that they can hold more in an open hand than they can in a closed fist, as Jim Griffin, managing director of OneHouse LLC, recently said.

Don Tapscott and I argue in Wikinomics that the reticence displayed by the media industries is not surprising, and in some cases it’s entirely rational. Publishers of media, music, software, and other digitized goods have a very legitimate business problem: they can’t reasonably adopt open approaches that would cannibalize existing revenues without a viable means to shore up their ailing income streams. Jim Griffin calls it “Tarzan economics.” “We cling to the vine that holds us off the jungle floor,” he says, “and we can’t let go of the one we’ve got until we’ve got the next vine firmly in our hand.”

The problem is that media incumbents are moving too slowly. They’re getting mired in the thick underbrush of thorny contractual agreements and outdated and costly infrastructures. What’s worse is that the economic foundation of the industry is based on a business model suited for the era of analog publishing, not for a world of user-driven creation and distribution. These institutions are powerful and deeply engrained in the industry’s social and economic contract. It’s hard for senior executives to imagine a world where their companies could lose control of the very resources that have monopolized for so long.

The dilemma media executives face is that they can’t replicate the phenomenal successes of Linux, Wikipedia, YouTube, and other collaborative communities without also accepting the radical openness with which these communities share their intellectual property. What’s more, companies that fail to connect with these communities will find themselves ever more isolated – by-passed by the networks that are sharing, adapting, and updating media content to create value.

The result is that new business models for open content will not come from traditional media establishments, but from companies such as Google and Yahoo. This new generation of companies is not burdened by the legacies that inhibit the publishing incumbents so they can be much more agile in responding to customer demands. More importantly, they understand that you don’t need to control the quantity and destiny of bits if they can provide compelling venues in which people build communities around sharing and remixing content. Free content is just the lure on which they layer revenue from advertising and premium services.

In the end, the saga unfolding in the media industries serves to illustrate a fundamental principle: Customer value, not control, is the answer in the digital economy. The media industry—and all industries for that matter—must resist the temptation to impose their will on consumers as a matter of convenience, or worse, as a result of a lack of ingenuity and agility. Rather, music labels and other media entities should develop Internet business models and offerings with the right combination of “free” goods, consumer control, versioning, and ancillary products and services. This includes new platforms for fan remixes, mash-ups, and other forms of customer participation in media creation and distribution.

Tags: copyright · intellectual property · policy · sharing

3 responses so far ↓

  • 1 Lee Pritchard // Dec 2, 2006 at 2:46 pm

    Hi Andy

    Although not an expert in all forms of digital distribution, as a royalty free music website owner I am only too aware of the copyright issues surrounding my product. The systems and laws initially setup to protect composers rights and income streams are, in some cases limiting how a composer can offer their music and therefore limiting their income potential.

    The royalty collecting societies are in this situation primarily through lack of understanding about new delivery formats and old school thinking continually fails to offer a suitable solution and in my opinions just continue to make the whole situation less clear for composers and music users.

    I welcome movements like Creative Commons, where content can be shared with certain restrictions applied. It enables composers to offer free use of their music for personal use whilst protecting their rights to earn an income from their talent.

    I think the whole music situation needs a serious rethink and that the most valid opinions in this area are those of the music user and music creator with the draconian institutions and corporations needing to listen to the people who are using and understanding the new technologies.

    Lee Pritchard
    Media Music Now

  • 2 Janet E. Van Asten // Jan 8, 2007 at 7:10 pm

    e-mail to Don:

    Dear Mr. Tapscott,

    It was my pleasure to hear you on public radio on Jan 2. Also, to read of your interest in mental health.

    As a 67 year old homemaker (real estate broker, investor, widow)
    I have advocated since cable TV entered my home town of Appleton, WI. 36 years ago for:

    “credit for education” rather than “credit for time”
    i.e. 3rd. grade is 180 days , 4th grade is 180 days, etc.

    Monies from the federal level have come into Wisconsin for Charter schools, however all still have the bottom line of time.

    My daughter home schools 3 children and I advocate for an upgrade from home schooling….a charter student status
    a third choice for parents .

    I continue to be an active advocate of “one”. It is lonely.

    Our schools K-12, and churches continue to be:
    authoritarian, military, indoctrinating, very similar to 80 years ago.

    I wrote a book draft over 2 years ago. It is at http://www.chieffinc.org

    I do not know how to write on such large subjects as money, education, culture, etc. in a manner to be understood by readers who are accustomed to dialogue about TV, and football. That is not to be negative about the people, but about our closed down, separated, cultural style of living.

    The second theory, I advocate for is: we need to develop more “social capital”. A term made famous in the book BOWLING ALONE, from a study by monies of large non-profits.
    “Social capital is the human energy, etc. of co-operating, networking, mentoring, bartering, supporting, etc.

    I need help. Our culture does not take advice of little old ladies, even if I could get my head out of depression long enough to accomplish more than I do. The book ideas, if they were to come out under your name
    might be heard. I would give up all rights to anything I have written.

    Many of our children are being indoctrinated into depression, hopelessness, mental drop out, etc.by these antique education and religeous practices. We have produced a passive peoples, that feel that they can have no effect so they don’t try. When the electricity goes off, the people to people networking is not here. With the computer and money (an abstract) , we can be controlled from any swamp, anywhere. There are few if any places to “hang out”, without a specific time, place, agenda. There is not a community conversation of continuity that allows us to know about our teachers, doctors, politicians, etc. We are in the “information age” doing a “rat race” to create information that is in overload. Soon we will be in a “medical age” along with that, and that is becoming an abstract, third party, nightmare.

    Thank you I am at your service.
    Janet E. Van Asten 1035 S. Kernan Ave. Appleton, WI. 54915
    920-734-0376 cell 920-850-6530 e-mail jan@intsol.net

  • 3 Daniel // Aug 12, 2007 at 2:29 am

    I couldn’t understand some parts of this article Tipping the balance of copyright law, but I guess I just need to check some more resources regarding this, because it sounds interesting.

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